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|  موضوع: طرق لتسهيل حفظ الفارما  24/03/10, 10:36 am | |
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Toxicology
& Pharmacology.. الســــموم
& الأدوية
Factors
affecting the action of poisons
DRS
درس
Dose
Route of
administration
State
Drugs cause
tachycardia
CASH
كاش
Cocaine
Atropine
Amphetamine
Salicylate
Hashish
Drugs cause
Bradycardia
SODA
صودا
Sedative
& hypnotics
Opiate
Digitalis
Anticholinestrase
Poisons
cause hypertension
MCAN
مكان
Morphine
withdrawal
Cocaine
Amphetamine
Nicotine
Poisons
cause Pupillary dilatation
2A ,
2C , 2M
Atropine
Amphetamine
Cocaine
CO
Menthol
Morphine
withdrawal
Poisons
cause optic neuritis
NML
نمل
Naphthalene
Methanol
Lead
Poisons
decrease salivation
MAN
Morphine
Atropine
Nutmeg
Hepatotoxic
drugs
HEPATIC
Hemolytic
poisons
Ethanol
Paracetamol
Aflatoxin
Toxaphene
Iron
Chlorpromazine
Nephrotoxic
drugs
NEPHRO
NSAIDS
Ergot
alkaloids
Pre
renal failure
Heavy
****ls
Rhabdomylosis
causing drugs
Oxalic
acid
Drugs
causing ****bolic acidosis
TSLIM
تســليم
TCA
Salicylate
Lethium
Iron
Methanol
Poisons
acting on Cerebral Cortex in ttt of convulsion
2A ,
2C
Atropine
Amphetamine
Cocaine
Caffine
First-aid
Treatment of poisoning
A B C D
Airway
>> Suction of secretion
Breathing
>> Oxygen via endotracheal tube
Circulation
>> I.V. injections
Disability
>> Convulsions & Coma
Symptomatic
ttt of poisoning coma
A B C D
E F
Antibiotics … to avoid infection
Bowel care … by enema
Bladder
care … by catheterization
Buccal
care … by frequent washing
Blanket …
to warm the patient
Bed
sores … change the position of the patient
Continuous monitoring of pulse , B.P. , temp and
reflexes
Dehydration … ttt by I.V. fluids
Electrolytes
Fluid balance
Feeding …
by ryle tube & I.V. fluids
Naloxone
… 4 respiratory depression >> 2mg i.v
Succinylcholine:
action, use
Succinylcholine
gets Stuck to Ach receptor, then Sucks ions in through
open pore
You Suck
stuff in through a mouth-tube, and drug is used for intubation
Cholinergics
(eg organophosphates): effects
If you
know these, you will be LESS DUMB
Lacrimation
Excitation of nicotinic
synapses
Salivation
Sweating
Diarrhea
Urination
Micturition
Bronchoconstriction
[size=16]Steroids: side effects
BECLOMETHASONE
Buffalo
hump
Easy
bruising
Cataracts
Larger
appetite
Obesity
Moonface
Euphoria
Thin
arms & legs
Hypertension/
Hyperglycaemia
Avascular
necrosis of femoral head
Skin
thinning
Osteoporosis
Negative
nitrogen balance
Emotional
liability
Methyldopa:
side effects
METHYLDOPA
Mental
retardation
Electrolyte
imbalance
Tolerance
Headache/
Hepatotoxicity
psYcological
upset
Lactation
in female
Dry
mouth
Oedema
Parkinsonism
Anaemia
Sodium
valproate: side effects
VALPROATE
Vomiting
Alopecia
Liver
toxicity
Pancreatitis/
Pancytopenia
Retention
of fats
Oedema
Appetite
increase
Tremor
Enzyme
inducer
Captopril
(an ACE inhibitor): side effects
CAPTOPRIL
Cough
Angioedema/
Agranulocystosis
Proteinuria/
Potassium excess
Taste
changes
Orthostatic
hypotension
Pregnancy
contraindication/ Pancreatitis/ Pressure drop
Renal
failure (and renal artery stenosis contraindication)/ Rash
Indomethacin
inhibition
Leukopenia/
Liver toxicity
Lithium: side
effects
LITH
Leukocytosis
Insipidus
[diabetes insipidus, tied to polyuria]
Tremor/
Teratogenesis
Hypothyroidism
Opioids: effects
BAD
AMERICANS
Bradycardia
& hypotension
Anorexia
Diminished
pupilary size
Analgesics
Miosis
Euphoria
Respiratory
depression
Increased
smooth muscle activity
Constipation
Ameliorate
cough reflex
Nausea
and vomiting
Sedations
Ca++ channel
blockers: uses
CA++ MASH
Cerebral
vasospasm/ CHF
Angina
Migranes
Atrial
flutter, fibrillation
Supraventricular
tachycardia
Hypertension
Alternatively
>
CHASM
Cererbral
vasospasm / CHF
Hypertension
Angina
Suprventricular
tachyarrhythmia
Migranes
HMG-CoA
reductase inhibitors (statins): side effects, contraindications,
interactions
HMG-CoA
• Side effects
Hepatotoxicity
Myositis
• Contraindications
Girl
during pregnancy/ Growing children
• Interactions
Coumarin/
Cyclosporine
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